The Santimamiñe cave is in the Basque Country, and it forms part of the Gulf of Biscay’s prehistoric cave complex. Other prehistoric sanctuaries in the area include Ekain, Altxerri and Isturitz. The cave paintings closest to Santimamiñe are, to the E, the Ekain and Altxerri, both in Guipuzcoa, 20 and 28 miles away, respectively, and to the W, still in the Basque Country, Arenaza and Venta Laperra, 26 and 42 miles away.